Related Medicines Muscle relaxers Medications Information

 

Muscle Relaxer Medications

There are three distinct varieties of clinically useful skeletal muscle relaxants: (i) those that act peripherally at the neuromuscular junction termed as neuromuscular blocking agents; (ii) those that act in the brain and spinal cord termed as centrally acting muscle relaxants; and (iii) the directly acting muscle relaxant dantrolene sodium.

Nondepolarizing Blockers

d-Tubocurarine Chloride
Therapeutic is used with general anesthesia to produce muscle relaxation during surgical procedures of moderate or long duration; to reduce the severity of muscle spasm in severe tetanus; to facilitate controlled ventilation; and occasionally in the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis

Dimethyltubocurarine Iodide 
This is a semisynthetic derivative of tubocurarine, and is about twice as potent as tubocurarine, but has a shorter duration of action.

Gallamine Triethiodide 
Gallamine is a synthetic agent. Its mode of action is similar to tubocurarine, except that there is a parasympatholytic action at vagal sites, which may cause sinus tachycardia, occasionally hypertension and an increased cardiac output.

Antagonists of Nondepolarizing Blockers
The Anticholinesterases are useful in combating the toxic effects of Nondepolarizing blockers by prolonging the life of liberated ACh at the neuromuscular junction.

Depolarizing Blockers
These drugs cause a persistent depolarization of the neuromuscular junction, i.e., they have the same effect a the natural neurotransmitter ACh but of a longer duration.

Succinyicholine Chloride 
Succinylcholine is the dicholine ester of succinic acid. It resembles decamethonium in being a long, slender, flexible bi-quaternary positively charged molecule, and equivalent to two ACh molecules joined back to back.

PLASMA CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITOR

Hexaflourenium Bromide: Hexaflourenium inhibits the enzyme cholinesterase in the plasma, but apparently not at the neuromuscular junction. It also has some Nondepolarizing activity (tubocurarine-like) at the postjunctional membrane. In man, hexafluorenium potentiates the muscle relaxant effects of succinylcholine.

DIRECTLY ACTING MUSCLE RELAXANT

Dantrolene Sodium 
Dantrolene is a new hydantoin derivative that acts directly on the contractile mechanism of the voluntary muscle. It has no effect on nerve conduction or neuromuscular transmission, i.e., its site of action is beyond the neuromuscular junction.

Dantrolene has been used in patients with strokes, multiple sclerosis, cerebral palsy, spinal cord injury, post encephalitic athetosis and dystonia, and preoperative prophylaxis of malignant hyperthermia in high-risk Patients.

Muscle relaxers Medications Information

 

Muscle Relaxer Medications

There are three distinct varieties of clinically useful skeletal muscle relaxants: (i) those that act peripherally at the neuromuscular junction termed as neuromuscular blocking agents; (ii) those that act in the brain and spinal cord termed as centrally acting muscle relaxants; and (iii) the directly acting muscle relaxant dantrolene sodium.

Nondepolarizing Blockers

d-Tubocurarine Chloride
Therapeutic is used with general anesthesia to produce muscle relaxation during surgical procedures of moderate or long duration; to reduce the severity of muscle spasm in severe tetanus; to facilitate controlled ventilation; and occasionally in the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis

Dimethyltubocurarine Iodide 
This is a semisynthetic derivative of tubocurarine, and is about twice as potent as tubocurarine, but has a shorter duration of action.

Gallamine Triethiodide 
Gallamine is a synthetic agent. Its mode of action is similar to tubocurarine, except that there is a parasympatholytic action at vagal sites, which may cause sinus tachycardia, occasionally hypertension and an increased cardiac output.

Antagonists of Nondepolarizing Blockers
The Anticholinesterases are useful in combating the toxic effects of Nondepolarizing blockers by prolonging the life of liberated ACh at the neuromuscular junction.

Depolarizing Blockers
These drugs cause a persistent depolarization of the neuromuscular junction, i.e., they have the same effect a the natural neurotransmitter ACh but of a longer duration.

Succinyicholine Chloride 
Succinylcholine is the dicholine ester of succinic acid. It resembles decamethonium in being a long, slender, flexible bi-quaternary positively charged molecule, and equivalent to two ACh molecules joined back to back.

PLASMA CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITOR

Hexaflourenium Bromide: Hexaflourenium inhibits the enzyme cholinesterase in the plasma, but apparently not at the neuromuscular junction. It also has some Nondepolarizing activity (tubocurarine-like) at the postjunctional membrane. In man, hexafluorenium potentiates the muscle relaxant effects of succinylcholine.

DIRECTLY ACTING MUSCLE RELAXANT

Dantrolene Sodium 
Dantrolene is a new hydantoin derivative that acts directly on the contractile mechanism of the voluntary muscle. It has no effect on nerve conduction or neuromuscular transmission, i.e., its site of action is beyond the neuromuscular junction.

Dantrolene has been used in patients with strokes, multiple sclerosis, cerebral palsy, spinal cord injury, post encephalitic athetosis and dystonia, and preoperative prophylaxis of malignant hyperthermia in high-risk Patients.